HISTORY – ANSWER SHEET, June 2017

PART ONE: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

N/Q Option
1 B
2 C
3 D
4 A
5 D
6 B
7 D
8 A
9 B
10 C
11 D
12 C
13 A
14 D
15 B

 PART 2: STRUCTURED QUESTIONS. ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS.

 1) A) The four causes of the Second World War include:

    • Germany’s dissatisfaction based on territorial grievances
    • The rise of nationalism in Europe
    • Political developments in Europe.
    • The economic problems caused by the great depression of 1929 to 1931.
    • A weakening of the League of Nations.
    • Growth of military alliances.
    • The invasion of Poland by Germany.

B

Axis power Allies powers
Germany Poland
Italy USSR
Japan USA
France & Britain

 

 2) A) The two president that signing the Camp David accords in 1978

    • Egyptian President Anwar Sadat
    • Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin

     B) The three main points agreed by Egypt and Israel

The main points include:

    • Egypt promised not to attack Israel again
    • Israel ships should use the Sues canal
    • To stop the war b/w the Israel and Egypt
    • Israel promise the give Egypt the Sinai Peninsula

  3)  A) The causes of the Cold war

    • Ideological differences
    • Disagreement over the issue of disarmament.
    • Economic rivalry.
    • Formation of military alliances.
    • USA’s military advancement

     B) The four main international crises during the cold war

    • The first Berlin crisis: The Berlin Blockade (1948–1949)
    • The Korean War (1950–1953)
    • The Suez Crisis (1956)
    • The repression of the Hungarian Uprising (1956)
    • The second Berlin crisis: The building of the Berlin Wall (1961)
    • The Cuban crisis (1962)
    • The crushing of the Prague Spring (1968)
    • The Euromissiles crisis (1977–1987)

 4)  Italian invaded Abyssinia in 20th century

      A) In what time was Mussolini invade the Ethiopian empire

Mussolini invade the Ethiopian empire in 1935

     B) Three objectives that causes Japan to invade the Manchuria are:-

    • Manchuria have vast amount of raw materials and manpower, which increase industrialization of Japan
    • Japan was becoming increasingly crowded due to its limited size as a nation and its rapidly increasing population.
    • Japan also believed that Manchuria offered large amount of raw materials, such as minerals, forestry and rich agricultural land.
    •  By 1931, Japan had invested large amount of money into the economy of Manchuria, controlling the South Manchuria Railway Company.

   C) Three principles of sun yat-sen, the leader of china?

    • Principle of Nationalism – Revelations of Chinese history prove that the Chinese as a people are independent in spirit and in conduct.
    • Principle of Democracy- In this way my principle of democracy may be carried out satisfactorily.
    • Principle of Livelihood- With the invention of modern machines, the phenomenon of uneven distribution of wealth in the West has become all the more marked.

  5) Discuss the reasons why election of Somalia was held after every four years?

    • To maintenance the country’s stability and unity among Somali societies.
    • To promote and co-operate the different sectors of the society
    • To strengthening relations between Somali autonomous and Somali government.
    • To promote and co-operation the peace, security among Somali citizens and the region
    • To encourage and participate Somali democracy fairly and freely

  6) The comparing of the league of nations to its United nations the           purpose and challenges.

     Purpose of the League of nations and United nations

    • To promote and maintain international peace and security and prevent the occurrence of another world war.
    • Was formed to foster international cooperation in solving problems as they arise.
    • It was formed to jointly take instant action against an agreed aggressor by economic and possibly by military means.
    • To promote respect for fundamental human rights and freedoms.
    • To promote social progress and better living standards of the people.
    • To protect the interests of minority groups such as women and children.

    Challenges faced the League of nations

    • Member countries were not willing to take disputes to the international court of justice.
    • The League of Nations lacked the executive authority to implement its resolutions.
    • USA congress refused to ratify the treaty of the League of Nations.
    • There was shortage of funds to implement the functions of the League of Nations.
    • The League failed to stop German Violation of the terms of the Versailles Treaty.

    Challenges faced by the United nations

    • National sovereignty. Many countries disregard the UNO resolutions in favour of their sovereignty.
    • It is unable to stop aggressions and conflicts between individual countries when super powers are involved.
    • Lacks sufficient funds to carry out its work efficiently.
    • Ideological disputes among member states have hampered the work of UNO in promoting world peace.
    • The arms race. The UNO has found it difficult to achieve world peace because of the arms race in different parts of the world.

   7) Summarize the challenges faced Somalia after independence

    • Lack of adequate capital for agricultural development. Low income/poverty. The farmers lack enough funds to purchase farm inputs.
    • Political instability as people lose confidence in the governments that cannot feed them.
    • The political systems that were inherited from the colonial governments seemed to be unworkable
    • The existence of tribe difference is a huge challenges the country after independence
    • Unemployment and socio-economic inequalities both among individuals and between regions are common
    • Poor economic planning. Some economic policies have destabilized the economies.
    • Corruption and embezzlement of public funds is common in Somalia. There is also a general lack of transparency among many leaders.
    • Absence of practical systems of education.

  8) Berlin conference colonial powers divided African continent

        A) Name the countries label the letters

    • Algeria
    • Somalia

     B)Reasons why some Africans resisted against the colonialist ?

    • Africans resisted the entry of Europeans because they feared colonizers.
    • Africans resisted against the colonialist because European Overexploitation of African resources
    • Africans resisted the entry of Europeans because Their movement led to wider spread of devastation, depopulation and displacement of people.
    • Africans resisted the entry of Europeans because the Europeans lost of their peoples‟ language, culture and customs”

 9) A. What is local government?

    •      Local Government was a means of providing a legal forum for the local people to make decisions about their day to day affairs.

     B. Functions of the Local government

    • Improving working and living conditions in a specific Municipality or Neighbourhood Democratic Council.
    • Encouraging and supporting local economic activities.
    • Improving the delivery of services.
    • Promoting healthy social and cultural life.
    • Raising the level of awareness of citizens about their community.
    • Providing advice and supporting people in their communal activities.
    • Maintaining and protecting public property.
    • Protecting and improving local physical surroundings through:

> Garbage collection

> Cleaning of drains and parapets

>  Maintenance of streets

   10) A. When was African Union formed?

African Union was formed on 25th May 1963

       B. Objectives of African Union ( AU)

    • To accelerate the political, social, and economic integration of the continent.
    • To achieve and enhance greater African solidarity and unity.
    • To promote peace, security and stability of the continent
    • Promote and protect human rights

  11) Factors that support the civilization of the society

    • The rapid growth of health care
    • Well Infrastructure developments
    • Quality education care
    • High-income level
    • Political stability

 PART THREE: (EXTENDED QUESTIONS)

  1)   A. Causes of Russian Revolution

    • Corruption and inefficiency were widespread in the imperial government
    • Russo-Japanese War- Russia loses war to Japan
    • World War I- Russia unprepared to go to war with Germany
    • Economically: widespread inflation and food shortages in Russia contributed to the revolution.
    • Military inadequate supplies, logistics, and weaponry led to heavy losses that the Russians suffered during World War I
    • Social: The social causes of the Russian Revolution mainly came from centuries of oppression towards the lower classes by the Tsarist regime and Nicholas’s failures in World War I.
    • Political: Politically, most areas of Russian society had reason to be dissatisfied with the existing autocratic system.

    B. Factors causes the decline of communism through Soviet Union

    • The economic factor- the Soviet economy was the world’s second-largest in 1990, but shortages of consumer goods were routine and hoarding was commonplace.
    • Gorbachev’s Reforms- Major reforms of the stagnant command economy and corrupt political structure were not possible as long as the Brezhnev era old guard remained in control.
    • The Loss of Eastern Europe- The political and economic reforms in the USSR encouraged movements in other Warsaw Pact nations to make similar demands.
    • Break up of the Russian’s satellite state

   2) A. Causes of Suez war in 1956

    • Colonel Nasser organized guerrilla fighters known as fedayeen to carry out murder in Israel
    • Colonel Nasser helped Algerian Arabs their British troops against French
    • Colonial Nasser signed an army deal with Czechoslovakia for Russian fighters
    • Colonial Nasser ended British treaty with Egypt

     B. The outcome of the War

    • The war was failed to withdraw Colonel Jamal
    • Colonel Nasser increases his prestige in the region
    • British lost its ally of Iraq
    • The brought Algerians were struggling for their independence.

3) A. Somali-Ethiopian war in 1977 has many causes and effects

          The causes

    • Somali government searching to restore independence of the Somali west region called Ogadenia
    • Both countries there’s long history of the hostility
    • Siyad Barre was a great nationalist he want all Somali speaks have one flag
    • Both nations claims to the region

     The effects

    • Both countries become weak and eventually, they collapse
    • Somali lost their friends of USSR and Cuban’s
    • Somali was not achieved their goals to restore the region
    • The war brought a lot of causalities in the two countries
    • Ethiopia got a lot of friends include Soviet Union and Cuban

   B. The major achievements of the Somali revolutionary council include :

    • Enforcing the Somali Script for the Written Language has been regarded as the greatest achievement in Somali History.
    • Campaigns against corruption, laziness, tribalism and cleanliness
    •  Establishing the First Somali University
    • Entering Somalia into the Arab League in 1974
    • Creating security courts to solve tribal clashes

 4) A. The causes of the First World War

    • The system of Alliances- The system of Alliances It led to fear and suspicion between nations. It transformed local disputes into a general conflict.
    • Imperialism- The amount of lands ‘owned’ by Britain and France increased their rivalry with Germany who had entered the scramble to acquire colonies late and only had small areas of Africa.
    • Militarism – The armies of both France and Germany had more than doubled between 1870 and 1914 and there was fierce competition between Britain and Germany for mastery of the seas

     B. Mention Five results of World War one

    • The USA gained an upper hand in post-war European affairs. She emerged as a leading world power.
    • The end of the war marked the beginning of the decline of western imperialism.
    • The end of the war witnessed the creation of new states e.g. Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia, Poland, and Finland.
    • Germany and Italy fell into the hands of dictators e.g. Mussolini and Hitler.
    • There was massive destruction of property and infrastructure.
    • It led to the great depression 1920 to 1921, which affected economies worldwide .